# This file is part of Xpra.
# Copyright (C) 2011 Serviware (Arthur Huillet, <ahuillet@serviware.com>)
# Copyright (C) 2010-2024 Antoine Martin <antoine@xpra.org>
# Copyright (C) 2008 Nathaniel Smith <njs@pobox.com>
# Xpra is released under the terms of the GNU GPL v2, or, at your option, any
# later version. See the file COPYING for details.

import os
import signal
import math
from time import monotonic, sleep
from collections import deque
from typing import Any
from collections.abc import Sequence

from xpra.os_util import gi_import
from xpra.util.version import XPRA_VERSION
from xpra.util.objects import typedict
from xpra.util.env import envint, envbool
from xpra.util.str_fn import strtobytes, memoryview_to_bytes
from xpra.common import CLOBBER_UPGRADE, MAX_WINDOW_SIZE, WORKSPACE_NAMES
from xpra.net.common import PacketType, PacketElement
from xpra.scripts.config import InitException  # pylint: disable=import-outside-toplevel
from xpra.server import features, ServerExitMode
from xpra.gtk.gobject import one_arg_signal
from xpra.gtk.pixbuf import get_pixbuf_from_data
from xpra.x11.common import Unmanageable, get_wm_name
from xpra.x11.gtk.prop import prop_set
from xpra.x11.gtk.tray import get_tray_window, SystemTray
from xpra.x11.gtk.selection import AlreadyOwned
from xpra.x11.gtk.bindings import add_event_receiver, get_pywindow
from xpra.x11.bindings.window import X11WindowBindings, constants
from xpra.x11.bindings.keyboard import X11KeyboardBindings
from xpra.x11.bindings.randr import RandRBindings
from xpra.x11.server.base import X11ServerBase
from xpra.gtk.error import xsync, xswallow, xlog, XError
from xpra.log import Logger

GLib = gi_import("GLib")
GObject = gi_import("GObject")
Gdk = gi_import("Gdk")
GdkX11 = gi_import("GdkX11")

log = Logger("server")
focuslog = Logger("server", "focus")
grablog = Logger("server", "grab")
windowlog = Logger("server", "window")
geomlog = Logger("server", "window", "geometry")
traylog = Logger("server", "tray")
workspacelog = Logger("x11", "workspace")
metadatalog = Logger("x11", "metadata")
framelog = Logger("x11", "frame")
eventlog = Logger("x11", "events")
mouselog = Logger("x11", "mouse")
screenlog = Logger("x11", "screen")

X11Window = X11WindowBindings()
X11Keyboard = X11KeyboardBindings()
X11RandR = RandRBindings()

SubstructureNotifyMask = constants["SubstructureNotifyMask"]

REPARENT_ROOT = envbool("XPRA_REPARENT_ROOT", True)
CONFIGURE_DAMAGE_RATE = envint("XPRA_CONFIGURE_DAMAGE_RATE", 250)
SHARING_SYNC_SIZE = envbool("XPRA_SHARING_SYNC_SIZE", True)
CLAMP_WINDOW_TO_ROOT = envbool("XPRA_CLAMP_WINDOW_TO_ROOT", False)
ALWAYS_RAISE_WINDOW = envbool("XPRA_ALWAYS_RAISE_WINDOW", False)
PRE_MAP = envbool("XPRA_PRE_MAP_WINDOWS", True)
DUMMY_DPI = envbool("XPRA_DUMMY_DPI", True)
DUMMY_MONITORS = envbool("XPRA_DUMMY_MONITORS", True)

WINDOW_SIGNALS = os.environ.get("XPRA_WINDOW_SIGNALS", "SIGINT,SIGTERM,SIGQUIT,SIGCONT,SIGUSR1,SIGUSR2").split(",")


def rindex(alist: list | tuple, avalue: Any) -> int:
    return len(alist) - alist[::-1].index(avalue) - 1


class SeamlessServer(GObject.GObject, X11ServerBase):
    __gsignals__ = {
        "x11-child-map-event": one_arg_signal,
        "x11-cursor-event": one_arg_signal,
        "server-event": one_arg_signal,
    }

    def __init__(self, clobber):
        self.clobber = clobber
        self.root_overlay = 0
        self.repaint_root_overlay_timer = 0
        self.configure_damage_timers: dict[int, int] = {}
        self._tray = None
        self._has_grab = 0
        self._has_focus = 0
        self._wm = None
        self.wm_name = ""
        self.sync_xvfb = 0
        self.last_raised = None
        self.system_tray = False
        GObject.GObject.__init__(self)
        X11ServerBase.__init__(self)
        self.session_type = "seamless"
        self._exit_with_windows = False
        self._xsettings_enabled = True

    def init(self, opts) -> None:
        self.wm_name = opts.wm_name
        self.sync_xvfb = int(opts.sync_xvfb or 0)
        self.system_tray = opts.system_tray
        self._exit_with_windows = opts.exit_with_windows
        super().init(opts)

        def log_server_event(_, event, *_args):
            eventlog("server-event: %s", event)

        self.connect("server-event", log_server_event)

    def server_init(self) -> None:
        X11ServerBase.server_init(self)
        screenlog("server_init() clobber=%s, randr=%s, initial_resolutions=%s",
                  self.clobber, self.randr, self.initial_resolutions)
        if features.display and self.randr and (self.initial_resolutions or not self.clobber):
            from xpra.x11.vfb_util import set_initial_resolution, parse_env_resolutions
            DEFAULT_VFB_RESOLUTIONS = parse_env_resolutions(default_refresh_rate=self.refresh_rate)
            dpi = self.dpi or self.default_dpi
            resolutions = self.initial_resolutions or DEFAULT_VFB_RESOLUTIONS
            with xlog:
                set_initial_resolution(resolutions, dpi)

    def validate(self) -> bool:
        if not X11Window.displayHasXComposite():
            log.error("Xpra 'start' subcommand runs as a compositing manager")
            log.error(" it cannot use a display which lacks the XComposite extension!")
            return False
        # check for an existing window manager:
        from xpra.x11.gtk.wm_check import wm_check
        return wm_check(self.clobber & CLOBBER_UPGRADE)

    def setup(self) -> None:
        X11ServerBase.setup(self)
        if self.system_tray:
            self.add_system_tray()

    def x11_init(self) -> None:
        X11ServerBase.x11_init(self)
        self._focus_history: deque[int] = deque(maxlen=100)
        # Do this before creating the Wm object, to avoid clobbering its
        # selecting SubstructureRedirect.
        with xsync:
            xid = X11Window.get_root_xid()
            event_mask = X11Window.getEventMask(xid) | SubstructureNotifyMask
            X11Window.setEventMask(xid, event_mask)
            prop_set(xid, "XPRA_SERVER", "latin1", strtobytes(XPRA_VERSION).decode())
        add_event_receiver(xid, self)
        if self.sync_xvfb > 0:
            self.init_root_overlay()
        self.init_wm()
        # for handling resize synchronization between client and server (this is not xsync!):
        self.last_client_configure_event = 0.0
        self.snc_timer = 0

    def init_root_overlay(self) -> None:
        try:
            import cairo
            log(f"init_root_overlay() found cairo: {cairo}")
            with xsync:
                xid = X11Window.get_root_xid()
                self.root_overlay = X11Window.XCompositeGetOverlayWindow(xid)
                log("init_root_overlay() root_overlay=%#x", self.root_overlay)
                if self.root_overlay:
                    prop_set(self.root_overlay, "WM_TITLE", "latin1", "RootOverlay")
                    X11Window.AllowInputPassthrough(self.root_overlay)
                    log("init_root_overlay() done AllowInputPassthrough(%#x)", self.root_overlay)
        except Exception as e:
            log("XCompositeGetOverlayWindow(%#x)", xid, exc_info=True)
            log.error("Error setting up xvfb synchronization:")
            log.estr(e)
            self.release_root_overlay()

    def release_root_overlay(self) -> None:
        ro = self.root_overlay
        if ro:
            self.root_overlay = 0
            with xswallow:
                X11Window.XCompositeReleaseOverlayWindow(ro)

    def init_wm(self) -> None:
        # Create the WM object
        from xpra.x11.gtk.wm import Wm
        x11_errors = []
        self._wm = None
        while self._wm is None:
            try:
                with xsync:
                    self._wm = Wm(self.clobber, self.wm_name)
            except AlreadyOwned:
                log("Error: cannot create our window manager", exc_info=True)
                display = os.environ.get("DISPLAY", "")
                # make sure we don't kill the vfb since we don't own it:
                self._exit_mode = ServerExitMode.EXIT
                wm_name = "another window manager"
                with xsync:
                    wm_name = f"{get_wm_name()!r}"
                err = f"{wm_name} is already active on display {display}"
                raise InitException(err) from None
            except XError as e:
                x11_errors.append(e)
                count = len(x11_errors)
                if count > 5:
                    log.error("Error: failed to initialize the window manager")
                    for x in list(set(str(x) for x in x11_errors)):
                        log.error(" %s", x)
                    raise
                # retry:
                sleep(0.010 * count)
        if features.windows:
            self._wm.connect("new-window", self._new_window_signaled)
        self._wm.connect("quit", lambda _: self.clean_quit(True))
        self._wm.connect("show-desktop", self._show_desktop)

    def do_cleanup(self) -> None:
        if self._tray:
            self._tray.cleanup()
            self._tray = None
        self.cancel_repaint_root_overlay()
        self.release_root_overlay()
        self.cancel_all_configure_damage()
        if self._wm:
            self._wm.cleanup()
            self._wm = None
        if self._has_grab:
            # normally we set this value when we receive the NotifyUngrab
            # but at this point in the cleanup, we probably won't, so force set it:
            self._has_grab = 0
            self.X11_ungrab()
        X11ServerBase.do_cleanup(self)

    def clean_x11_properties(self) -> None:
        super().clean_x11_properties()
        self.do_clean_x11_properties("XPRA_SERVER")

    def last_client_exited(self) -> None:
        # last client is gone:
        X11ServerBase.last_client_exited(self)
        if self._has_grab:
            self._has_grab = 0
            self.X11_ungrab()

    def update_size_constraints(self, minw, minh, maxw, maxh) -> None:
        wm = self._wm
        if wm:
            wm.set_size_constraints(minw, minh, maxw, maxh)
        elif features.windows:
            # update the static default so the Wm instance will use it
            # when we do instantiate it:
            from xpra.x11.gtk import wm as wm_module
            wm_module.DEFAULT_SIZE_CONSTRAINTS = (0, 0, MAX_WINDOW_SIZE, MAX_WINDOW_SIZE)

    def init_packet_handlers(self) -> None:
        X11ServerBase.init_packet_handlers(self)
        self.add_packet_handler("window-signal", self._process_window_signal)

    def __repr__(self):
        return "X11-Seamless-Server(%s)" % self.display_name

    def get_server_mode(self) -> str:
        return "X11 seamless"

    def server_event(self, event_type: str, *args: PacketElement) -> None:
        super().server_event(event_type, *args)
        self.emit("server-event", args)

    def make_hello(self, source) -> dict[str, Any]:
        capabilities = super().make_hello(source)
        if "features" in source.wants:
            capabilities.setdefault("pointer", {})["grabs"] = True
            capabilities.setdefault("window", {}).update({
                "frame-extents": True,
                "configure.delta": True,
                "signals": WINDOW_SIGNALS,
                "dragndrop": True,
                "states": [
                    "iconified", "focused", "fullscreen",
                    "above", "below",
                    "sticky", "iconified", "maximized",
                ],
            })
        return capabilities

    ##########################################################################
    # info:
    #

    def do_get_info(self, proto, server_sources) -> dict[str, Any]:
        info = super().do_get_info(proto, server_sources)
        info["exit-with-windows"] = self._exit_with_windows
        info.setdefault("state", {}).update(
            {
                "focused": self._has_focus,
                "grabbed": self._has_grab,
            }
        )
        return info

    def get_ui_info(self, proto, wids=None, *args) -> dict[str, Any]:
        info = super().get_ui_info(proto, wids, *args)
        # _NET_WM_NAME:
        wm = self._wm
        if wm:
            info.setdefault("state", {})["window-manager-name"] = wm.get_net_wm_name()
        return info

    def get_window_info(self, window) -> dict[str, Any]:
        info = super().get_window_info(window)
        info |= {
            "focused": bool(self._has_focus and self._window_to_id.get(window, -1) == self._has_focus),
            "grabbed": bool(self._has_grab and self._window_to_id.get(window, -1) == self._has_grab),
        }
        if not (window.is_OR() or window.is_tray()):
            info["shown"] = window.get_property("shown")
            try:
                cg = window.get_property("client-geometry")
                if cg:
                    info["client-geometry"] = cg
            except KeyError:
                pass  # `OR` or tray window
        return info

    ##########################################################################
    # Manage the virtual screen:
    #

    def set_screen_size(self, desired_w: int, desired_h: int):
        # clamp all window models to the new screen size:
        for window in tuple(self._window_to_id.keys()):
            if window.is_tray() or window.is_OR():
                continue
            cg = window.get_property("client-geometry")
            if cg:
                x, y, w, h = cg
                if x >= desired_w or y >= desired_h:
                    x = min(x, desired_w - 64)
                    y = min(y, desired_h - 64)
                    geomlog("clamped window %s", window)
                    window.set_property("client-geometry", (x, y, w, h))
        with xlog:
            d16 = X11RandR.is_dummy16()
        screenlog("set_screen_size%s randr=%s, randr_exact_size=%s, is_dummy16()=%s",
                  (desired_w, desired_h), self.randr, self.randr_exact_size, d16)
        if DUMMY_MONITORS and self.randr and self.randr_exact_size and d16:
            if self.mirror_client_monitor_layout():
                return desired_w, desired_h
        return super().set_screen_size(desired_w, desired_h)

    def set_screen_geometry_attributes(self, w: int, h: int) -> None:
        # only run the default code if there are no clients,
        # when we have clients, this should have been done already
        # in the code that synchronizes the screen resolution
        if not self._server_sources:
            super().set_screen_geometry_attributes(w, h)

    def calculate_desktops(self) -> None:
        wm = self._wm
        if not wm:
            return
        count = 1
        sources = tuple(self._server_sources.values())
        for ss in sources:
            if ss.desktops:
                count = max(count, ss.desktops)
        count = max(1, min(20, count))
        names = []
        for i in range(count):
            name = "Main" if i == 0 else f"Desktop {i + 1}"
            for ss in sources:
                if ss.desktops and i < len(ss.desktop_names) and ss.desktop_names[i]:
                    v = ss.desktop_names[i]
                    if v != "0" or i != 0:
                        name = v
            names.append(name)
        wm.set_desktop_list(names)

    def set_workarea(self, workarea) -> None:
        wm = self._wm
        if wm:
            wm.set_workarea(workarea.x, workarea.y, workarea.width, workarea.height)

    def set_desktop_geometry(self, width: int, height: int) -> None:
        wm = self._wm
        if wm:
            wm.set_desktop_geometry(width, height)

    def set_dpi(self, xdpi: int, ydpi: int) -> None:
        # this is used by some newer versions of the dummy driver (xf86-driver-dummy)
        # (and will not be honoured by anything else..)
        if DUMMY_DPI:
            xid = X11Window.get_root_xid()
            prop_set(xid, "dummy-constant-xdpi", "u32", xdpi)
            prop_set(xid, "dummy-constant-ydpi", "u32", ydpi)
            screenlog("set_dpi(%i, %i)", xdpi, ydpi)

    def add_system_tray(self) -> None:
        # Tray handler:
        with xlog:
            self._tray = SystemTray()

    ##########################################################################
    # Manage windows:
    #

    def load_existing_windows(self) -> None:
        if not self._wm:
            return

        for window in self._wm.get_property("windows"):
            self._add_new_window(window)

        try:
            with xsync:
                rxid = X11Window.get_root_xid()
                children = X11Window.get_children(rxid)
        except XError:
            log("load_existing_windows()", exc_info=True)
            log("trying again")
            with xsync:
                children = X11Window.get_children(rxid)
        for xid in children:
            can_add = False
            with xlog:
                can_add = X11Window.is_override_redirect(xid) and X11Window.is_mapped(xid)
            if can_add:
                self._add_new_or_window(xid)

    def _lookup_window(self, wid):
        if not isinstance(wid, int):
            raise RuntimeError(f"window id value {wid!r} is a {type(wid)} and not a number")
        return self._id_to_window.get(wid)

    def parse_hello_ui_window_settings(self, ss, _caps) -> None:
        # FIXME: with multiple users, don't set any frame size?
        frame = None
        if ss in self.window_sources():
            window_frame_sizes = ss.window_frame_sizes
            framelog("parse_hello_ui_window_settings: client window_frame_sizes=%s", window_frame_sizes)
            if window_frame_sizes:
                frame = typedict(window_frame_sizes).inttupleget("frame", (0, 0, 0, 0), 4, 4)
        if self._wm:
            self._wm.set_default_frame_extents(frame)

    def send_initial_windows(self, ss, sharing=False) -> None:
        # We send the new-window packets sorted by id because this sorts them
        # from oldest to newest -- and preserving window creation order means
        # that the earliest override-redirect windows will be on the bottom,
        # which is usually how things work.  (I don't know that anyone cares
        # about this kind of correctness at all, but hey, doesn't hurt.)
        windowlog("send_initial_windows(%s, %s) will send: %s", ss, sharing, self._id_to_window)
        for wid in sorted(self._id_to_window.keys()):
            window = self._id_to_window[wid]
            if not window.is_managed():
                # we keep references to windows that aren't meant to be displayed..
                continue
            # most of the code here is duplicated from the send functions,
            # so we can send just to the new client and request damage
            # just for the new client too:
            if window.is_tray():
                # code more or less duplicated from _send_new_tray_window_packet:
                w, h = window.get_dimensions()
                if ss.system_tray:
                    ss.new_tray(wid, window, w, h)
                    ss.damage(wid, window, 0, 0, w, h)
                elif not sharing:
                    # park it outside the visible area
                    window.move_resize(-200, -200, w, h)
            elif window.is_OR():
                # code more or less duplicated from _send_new_or_window_packet:
                x, y, w, h = window.get_property("geometry")
                wprops = self.client_properties.get(wid, {}).get(ss.uuid, {})
                ss.new_window("new-override-redirect", wid, window, x, y, w, h, wprops)
                ss.damage(wid, window, 0, 0, w, h)
            else:
                # code more or less duplicated from send_new_window_packet:
                if not sharing:
                    window.hide()
                x, y, w, h = window.get_property("geometry")
                wprops = self.client_properties.get(wid, {}).get(ss.uuid, {})
                ss.new_window("new-window", wid, window, x, y, w, h, wprops)

    def _new_window_signaled(self, _wm, window) -> None:
        self.last_raised = None
        self._add_new_window(window)

    def do_x11_child_map_event(self, event) -> None:
        windowlog("do_x11_child_map_event(%s)", event)
        if event.override_redirect:
            self._add_new_or_window(event.window)

    def _add_new_window_common(self, window) -> int:
        windowlog("adding window %s", window)
        wid = super()._add_new_window_common(window)
        window.managed_connect("client-contents-changed", self._contents_changed)
        window.managed_connect("unmanaged", self._lost_window)
        window.managed_connect("grab", self._window_grab)
        window.managed_connect("ungrab", self._window_ungrab)
        window.managed_connect("bell", self._bell_signaled)
        window.managed_connect("motion", self._motion_signaled)
        window.managed_connect("x11-property-changed", self._x11_property_changed)
        if not window.is_tray():
            window.managed_connect("restack", self._restack_window)
            window.managed_connect("initiate-moveresize", self._initiate_moveresize)
        window_prop_set = getattr(window, "prop_set", None)
        if window_prop_set:
            try:
                window_prop_set("_XPRA_WID", "u32", wid)
            except XError:
                pass  # this can fail if the window disappears
                # but we don't really care, it will get cleaned up soon enough
        return wid

    def _x11_property_changed(self, window, event) -> None:
        # name, dtype, dformat, value = event
        metadata = {"x11-property": event}
        wid = self._window_to_id[window]
        for ss in self.window_sources():
            ms = getattr(ss, "metadata_supported", ())
            if "x11-property" in ms:
                ss.send("window-metadata", wid, metadata)

    def _add_new_window(self, window) -> None:
        wid = self._add_new_window_common(window)
        geometry = window.get_property("geometry")
        log("Discovered new ordinary window: %s (geometry=%s)", window, geometry)
        window.managed_connect("notify::geometry", self._window_resized_signaled)
        self._send_new_window_packet(window)
        if PRE_MAP:
            # pre-map the window if any client will be showing it
            sources = tuple(self._server_sources.values())
            if sources:
                log("pre-mapping window %i for %s at %s", wid, sources, geometry)
                geometry = self.clamp_window(*geometry)[1]
                self.client_configure_window(window, geometry)
                window.show()
                for s in sources:
                    s.map_window(wid, window, geometry)
                self.schedule_configure_damage(wid, 0)

    def _window_resized_signaled(self, window, *args) -> None:
        x, y, nw, nh = window.get_property("geometry")[:4]
        geom = window.get_property("client-geometry")
        geomlog("XpraServer._window_resized_signaled(%s,%s) geometry=%s, desktop manager geometry=%s",
                window, args, (x, y, nw, nh), geom)
        if geom == [x, y, nw, nh]:
            geomlog("XpraServer._window_resized_signaled: unchanged")
            # unchanged
            return
        window.set_property("client-geometry", (x, y, nw, nh))
        lcce = self.last_client_configure_event
        if not window.get_property("shown"):
            self.size_notify_clients(window)
            return
        if self.snc_timer > 0:
            GLib.source_remove(self.snc_timer)
        # TODO: find a better way to choose the timer delay:
        # for now, we wait at least 100ms, up to 250ms if the client has just sent us a resize:
        # (lcce should always be in the past, so min(..) should be redundant here)
        delay = max(100, min(250, 250 + round(1000 * (lcce - monotonic()))))
        self.snc_timer = GLib.timeout_add(int(delay), self.size_notify_clients, window, lcce)

    def size_notify_clients(self, window, lcce=-1) -> None:
        geomlog("size_notify_clients(%s, %s) last_client_configure_event=%s",
                window, lcce, self.last_client_configure_event)
        self.snc_timer = 0
        wid = self._window_to_id.get(window)
        if not wid:
            geomlog("size_notify_clients: window is gone")
            return
        if lcce > 0 and lcce != self.last_client_configure_event:
            geomlog("size_notify_clients: we have received a new client resize since")
            return
        x, y, nw, nh = window.get_property("client-geometry")
        resize_counter = window.get_property("resize-counter")
        for ss in self.window_sources():
            ss.move_resize_window(wid, window, x, y, nw, nh, resize_counter)
            # refresh to ensure the client gets the new window contents:
            # TODO: to save bandwidth, we should compare the dimensions and skip the refresh
            # if the window is smaller than before, or at least only send the new edges rather than the whole window
            ss.damage(wid, window, 0, 0, nw, nh)

    def _add_new_or_window(self, xid: int) -> None:
        if self.root_overlay and self.root_overlay == xid:
            windowlog("ignoring root overlay window %#x", self.root_overlay)
            return
        gdk_window = get_pywindow(xid)
        if not gdk_window or gdk_window.get_window_type() == Gdk.WindowType.TEMP:
            # ignoring one of gtk's temporary windows
            # all the windows we manage should be Gdk.WINDOW_FOREIGN
            windowlog("ignoring TEMP window %#x", xid)
            return
        WINDOW_MODEL_KEY = "_xpra_window_model_"
        wid = getattr(gdk_window, WINDOW_MODEL_KEY, None)
        window = self._id_to_window.get(wid)
        if window:
            if window.is_managed():
                windowlog("found existing window model %s for %#x, will refresh it", type(window), xid)
                ww, wh = window.get_dimensions()
                self.refresh_window_area(window, 0, 0, ww, wh, options={"min_delay": 50})
                return
            windowlog("found existing model %s (but no longer managed!) for %#x", type(window), xid)
            # we could try to re-use the existing model and window ID,
            # but for now it is just easier to create a new one:
            self._lost_window(window)
        try:
            with xsync:
                geom = X11Window.getGeometry(xid)
                windowlog("Discovered new override-redirect window: %#x X11 geometry=%s", xid, geom)
        except Exception as e:
            windowlog("Window error (vanished already?): %s", e)
            return
        try:
            # pylint: disable=import-outside-toplevel
            tray_xid: int = get_tray_window(gdk_window)
            if tray_xid:
                assert self._tray
                from xpra.x11.models.systray import SystemTrayWindowModel
                window = SystemTrayWindowModel(tray_xid, xid)
                wid = self._add_new_window_common(window)
                setattr(gdk_window, WINDOW_MODEL_KEY, wid)
                window.call_setup()
                self._send_new_tray_window_packet(wid, window)
            else:
                from xpra.x11.models.or_window import OverrideRedirectWindowModel
                window = OverrideRedirectWindowModel(xid)
                wid = self._add_new_window_common(window)
                setattr(gdk_window, WINDOW_MODEL_KEY, wid)
                window.call_setup()
                window.managed_connect("notify::geometry", self._or_window_geometry_changed)
                self._send_new_or_window_packet(window)
        except Unmanageable as e:
            if window:
                windowlog("window %s is not manageable: %s", window, e)
                # if window is set, we failed after instantiating it,
                # so we need to fail it manually:
                window.setup_failed(e)
                if window in self._window_to_id:
                    self._lost_window(window, False)
            else:
                windowlog.warn("cannot add window %#x: %s", xid, e)
            # from now on, we return to the gtk main loop,
            # so we *should* get a signal when the window goes away

    def _or_window_geometry_changed(self, window, _pspec=None) -> None:
        geom = window.get_property("geometry")
        x, y, w, h = geom
        if w >= 32768 or h >= 32768:
            geomlog.error("not sending new invalid window dimensions: %ix%i !", w, h)
            return
        geomlog("or_window_geometry_changed: %s (window=%s)", geom, window)
        wid = self._window_to_id[window]
        for ss in self.window_sources():
            ss.or_window_geometry(wid, window, x, y, w, h)

    def add_control_commands(self) -> None:
        if not features.control:
            return
        super().add_control_commands()
        from xpra.server.control_command import ArgsControlCommand
        cmd = ArgsControlCommand("show-all-windows", "make all the windows visible", validation=[])

        def control_cb() -> str:
            self.show_all_windows()
            return "%i windows shown" % len(self._id_to_window)

        cmd.do_run = control_cb
        self.add_control_command(cmd.name, cmd)

    def show_all_windows(self) -> None:
        for w in self._id_to_window.values():
            w.show()

    def _show_desktop(self, wm, show) -> None:
        log("show_desktop(%s, %s)", wm, show)
        for ss in self.window_sources():
            ss.show_desktop(show)

    def _focus(self, server_source, wid: int, modifiers) -> None:
        focuslog("focus wid=%s has_focus=%s", wid, self._has_focus)
        if self.last_raised != wid:
            self.last_raised = None
        if self._has_focus == wid:
            # nothing to do!
            return
        self._focus_history.append(wid)
        hfid = self._has_focus
        had_focus = self._id_to_window.get(hfid)

        def reset_focus():
            toplevel = None
            if self._wm:
                toplevel = self._wm.get_property("toplevel")
            focuslog("reset_focus() %s / %s had focus (toplevel=%s)", hfid, had_focus, toplevel)
            # this will call clear_keys_pressed() if the server is an InputServer:
            self.reset_focus()
            # FIXME: kind of a hack:
            self._has_focus = 0
            # toplevel may be None during cleanup!
            if toplevel:
                toplevel.reset_x_focus()

        if wid == 0:
            # wid==0 means root window
            return reset_focus()
        window = self._id_to_window.get(wid)
        if not window:
            # not found! (go back to root)
            return reset_focus()
        if window.is_OR():
            focuslog.warn("Warning: cannot focus OR window: %s", window)
            return
        if not window.is_managed():
            focuslog.warn("Warning: window %s is no longer managed!", window)
            return
        focuslog("focus: giving focus to %s", window)
        with xswallow:
            self.last_raised = wid
            window.raise_window()
            window.give_client_focus()
        if server_source and modifiers is not None:
            make_keymask_match = getattr(server_source, "make_keymask_match", None)
            if make_keymask_match:
                focuslog("focus: will set modified mask to %s using %s", modifiers, make_keymask_match)
                make_keymask_match(modifiers)
        self._has_focus = wid

    def get_focus(self):
        return self._has_focus

    def _send_new_window_packet(self, window) -> None:
        self._do_send_new_window_packet("new-window", window, window.get_property("geometry"))

    def _send_new_or_window_packet(self, window) -> None:
        geometry = window.get_property("geometry")
        self._do_send_new_window_packet("new-override-redirect", window, geometry)
        self.refresh_window(window)

    def _send_new_tray_window_packet(self, wid, window) -> None:
        ww, wh = window.get_dimensions()
        for ss in self.window_sources():
            ss.new_tray(wid, window, ww, wh)
        self.refresh_window(window)

    def _lost_window(self, window, wm_exiting=False) -> None:
        wid = self._remove_window(window)
        self.cancel_configure_damage(wid)
        if self._exit_with_windows and len(self._id_to_window) == 0:
            log.info("no more windows to manage, exiting")
            self.clean_quit()
        elif not wm_exiting:
            self.repaint_root_overlay()

    def _contents_changed(self, window, event) -> None:
        if window.is_OR() or window.is_tray() or window.get_property("shown"):
            self.refresh_window_area(window, event.x, event.y, event.width, event.height, options={"damage": True})

    def _window_grab(self, window, event) -> None:
        grab_id = self._window_to_id.get(window, -1)
        grablog("window_grab(%s, %s) has_grab=%s, has focus=%s, grab window=%s",
                window, event, self._has_grab, self._has_focus, grab_id)
        if grab_id < 0 or self._has_grab == grab_id:
            return
        self._has_grab = grab_id
        for ss in self.window_sources():
            ss.pointer_grab(self._has_grab)

    def _window_ungrab(self, window, event) -> None:
        grab_id = self._window_to_id.get(window, -1)
        grablog("window_ungrab(%s, %s) has_grab=%s, has focus=%s, grab window=%s",
                window, event, self._has_grab, self._has_focus, grab_id)
        if not self._has_grab:
            return
        self._has_grab = 0
        for ss in self.window_sources():
            ss.pointer_ungrab(grab_id)

    def _initiate_moveresize(self, window, event) -> None:
        log("initiate_moveresize(%s, %s)", window, event)
        assert len(event.data) == 5
        # x_root, y_root, direction, button, source_indication = event.data
        wid = self._window_to_id[window]
        # find clients that handle windows:
        wsources = self.window_sources()
        if not wsources:
            return
        # prefer the "UI driver" if we find it:
        driversources = [ss for ss in wsources if self.ui_driver == ss.uuid]
        if driversources:
            driversources[0].initiate_moveresize(wid, window, *event.data)
            return
        # otherwise, fallback to the first one:
        wsources[0].initiate_moveresize(wid, window, *event.data)

    def _restack_window(self, window, detail, sibling) -> None:
        wid = self._window_to_id[window]
        focuslog("restack window(%s) wid=%s, current focus=%s", (window, detail, sibling), wid, self._has_focus)
        if self.last_raised != wid:
            # ensure we will raise the window for the next pointer event
            self.last_raised = None
        if detail == 0 and self._has_focus == wid:  # Above=0
            return
        for ss in self.window_sources():
            ss.restack_window(wid, window, detail, sibling)

    def _set_window_state(self, proto, wid: int, window, new_window_state) -> Sequence[str]:
        if proto not in self._server_sources:
            return ()
        if not new_window_state:
            return ()
        nws = typedict(new_window_state)
        metadatalog("set_window_state%s", (wid, window, new_window_state))
        changes: dict[str, Any] = {}
        if "frame" in new_window_state:
            # the size of the window frame may have changed
            frame = nws.inttupleget("frame", (0, 0, 0, 0))
            window.set_property("frame", frame)
        # boolean: but not a wm_state and renamed in the model... (iconic vs inconified!)
        if "iconified" in new_window_state:
            iconified = nws.boolget("iconified")
            if window.is_OR():
                log("ignoring iconified=%s on OR window %s", iconified, window)
            else:
                if window.get_property("iconic") != bool(iconified):
                    window.set_property("iconic", iconified)
                    changes["iconified"] = bool(iconified)
        # handle wm_state virtual booleans:
        for k in (
                "maximized", "above",
                "below", "fullscreen",
                "sticky", "shaded",
                "skip-pager", "skip-taskbar", "focused",
        ):
            if k not in nws:
                continue
            new_state = nws.boolget(k)
            cur_state = bool(window.get_property(k))
            # metadatalog.info("set window state for '%s': current state=%s, new state=%s", k, cur_state, new_state)
            if cur_state != new_state:
                window.update_wm_state(k, new_state)
                changes[k] = new_state
        metadatalog("set_window_state: changes=%s", changes)
        return tuple(changes.keys())

    def get_window_position(self, window) -> tuple[int, int] | None:
        # used to adjust the pointer position with multiple clients
        if window is None or window.is_OR() or window.is_tray():
            return None
        pos = window.get_property("client-geometry")
        if not pos:
            pos = window.get_property("geometry")
            if not pos:
                return None
        return pos[0], pos[1]

    def client_configure_window(self, win, geometry, resize_counter: int = 0) -> None:
        log("client_configure_window(%s, %s, %s)", win, geometry, resize_counter)
        old_geom = win.get_property("client-geometry")
        update_geometry = geometry != old_geom
        if update_geometry:
            counter = win.get_property("resize-counter")
            if 0 < resize_counter < counter:
                log("resize ignored: counter %s vs %s", resize_counter, counter)
                update_geometry = False
            else:
                win.set_property("client-geometry", geometry)
        if not win.get_property("shown"):
            win.show()
            return
        if update_geometry:
            win._update_client_geometry()

    def _process_map_window(self, proto, packet: PacketType) -> None:
        wid, x, y, w, h = packet[1:6]
        window = self._lookup_window(wid)
        if not window:
            windowlog("cannot map window %i: not found, already removed?", wid)
            return
        if window.is_OR():
            windowlog.warn("Warning: received map event on OR window %s", wid)
            return
        ss = self.get_server_source(proto)
        if ss is None:
            return
        geomlog("client %s mapped window %i - %s, at: %s", ss, wid, window, (x, y, w, h))
        self._window_mapped_at(proto, wid, window, (x, y, w, h))
        cp = {}
        if len(packet) >= 7:
            cp = packet[6]
        # this ensures that we will initialize the window source completely,
        # even if the client did not provide any client properties:
        cp["event"] = "map"
        self._set_client_properties(proto, wid, window, cp)
        if not self.ui_driver:
            self.set_ui_driver(ss)
        if self.ui_driver == ss.uuid or not window.get_property("shown"):
            if len(packet) >= 8:
                self._set_window_state(proto, wid, window, packet[7])
            geometry = self.client_clamp_window(proto, wid, window, x, y, w, h)
            self.client_configure_window(window, geometry)
        self.refresh_window_area(window, 0, 0, w, h)

    def _process_unmap_window(self, proto, packet: PacketType) -> None:
        wid = packet[1]
        window = self._lookup_window(wid)
        if not window:
            log("cannot unmap window %i: not found, already removed?", wid)
            return
        assert not window.is_OR()
        ss = self.get_server_source(proto)
        if ss is None:
            return
        self._window_mapped_at(proto, wid, window)
        # if self.ui_driver!=ss.uuid:
        #    return
        if len(packet) >= 4:
            # optional window_state added in 0.15 to update flags
            # during iconification events:
            self._set_window_state(proto, wid, window, packet[3])
        if window.get_property("shown"):
            geomlog("client %s unmapped window %s - %s", ss, wid, window)
            for ss in self.window_sources():
                ss.unmap_window(wid, window)
            window.unmap()
            iconified = len(packet) >= 3 and bool(packet[2])
            if iconified and not window.get_property("iconic"):
                window.set_property("iconic", True)
            window.hide()
            self.repaint_root_overlay()

    def clamp_window(self, x: int, y: int, w: int, h: int):
        if not CLAMP_WINDOW_TO_ROOT:
            return False, (x, y, w, h)
        rw, rh = self.get_root_window_size()
        # clamp to root window size
        mod = False
        if x + w < 0:
            x = 0
            mod = True
        elif x >= rw:
            x = max(0, min(x, rw - w))
            mod = True
        if y + h < 0:
            y = 0
            mod = True
        elif y >= rh:
            y = max(0, min(y, rh - h))
            mod = True
        return mod, (x, y, w, h)

    def client_clamp_window(self, proto, wid: int, window, x: int, y: int, w: int, h: int, resize_counter: int = 0):
        if not CLAMP_WINDOW_TO_ROOT:
            return x, y, w, h
        mod, geom = self.clamp_window(x, y, w, h)
        if mod:
            # tell this client to honour the new location
            ss = self.get_server_source(proto)
            if ss:
                resize_counter = max(resize_counter, window.get_property("resize-counter"))
                x, y, w, h = geom
                ss.move_resize_window(wid, window, x, y, w, h, resize_counter)
        return geom

    def _process_configure_window(self, proto, packet: PacketType) -> None:
        wid, x, y, w, h = packet[1:6]
        window = self._lookup_window(wid)
        if not window:
            geomlog("cannot configure window %i: not found, already removed?", wid)
            return
        ss = self.get_server_source(proto)
        if not ss:
            return
        # some "configure-window" packets are only meant for metadata updates:
        skip_geometry = (len(packet) >= 10 and packet[9]) or window.is_OR()
        if not skip_geometry:
            self._window_mapped_at(proto, wid, window, (x, y, w, h))
        if len(packet) >= 7:
            cprops = packet[6]
            if cprops:
                metadatalog("window client properties updates: %s", cprops)
                self._set_client_properties(proto, wid, window, cprops)
        if not self.ui_driver:
            self.set_ui_driver(ss)
        is_ui_driver = self.ui_driver == ss.uuid
        shown = True
        if window.is_OR() or window.is_tray() or skip_geometry or self.readonly:
            size_changed = False
        else:
            shown = window.get_property("shown")
            cg = window.get_property("client-geometry")
            if not cg:
                size_changed = True
            else:
                oww, owh = cg[:2]
                size_changed = oww != w or owh != h
        if is_ui_driver or size_changed or not shown:
            damage = False
            if is_ui_driver and len(packet) >= 13 and features.input_devices and not self.readonly:
                pwid = packet[10]
                pointer = packet[11]
                modifiers = packet[12]
                if pwid == wid and window.is_OR():
                    # some clients may send the OR window wid
                    # this causes focus issues (see #1999)
                    pwid = -1
                device_id = -1
                mouselog("configure pointer data: %s", (pwid, pointer, modifiers))
                if self.process_mouse_common(proto, device_id, pwid, pointer):
                    # only update modifiers if the window is in focus:
                    if self._has_focus == wid:
                        self._update_modifiers(proto, wid, modifiers)
            if window.is_tray():
                if not skip_geometry and not self.readonly:
                    traylog(f"systray {window} configured to: %s", (x, y, w, h))
                    with xlog:
                        window.move_resize(x, y, w, h)
                    damage = True
            else:
                if window.is_OR() and not skip_geometry:
                    log.warn("Warning: ignoring invalid configure geometry packet")
                    log.warn(f" for OR window {wid}")
                    return
                self.last_client_configure_event = monotonic()
                if is_ui_driver and len(packet) >= 9:
                    changes = self._set_window_state(proto, wid, window, packet[8])
                    if changes:
                        damage = True
                if not skip_geometry:
                    cg = window.get_property("client-geometry")
                    resize_counter = 0
                    if len(packet) >= 8:
                        resize_counter = packet[7]
                    geomlog("_process_configure_window(%s) old window geometry: %s", packet[1:], cg)
                    geometry = self.client_clamp_window(proto, wid, window, x, y, w, h, resize_counter)
                    self.client_configure_window(window, geometry, resize_counter)
                    ax, ay, aw, ah = geometry
                    if cg:
                        owx, owy, oww, owh = cg
                        resized = oww != aw or owh != ah
                        if owx != ax or owy != ay:
                            damage = True
                    else:
                        resized = True
                    if resized and SHARING_SYNC_SIZE:
                        # try to ensure this won't trigger a resizing loop:
                        counter = max(0, resize_counter - 1)
                        for s in self.window_sources():
                            if s != ss:
                                s.resize_window(wid, window, aw, ah, resize_counter=counter)
                    damage |= resized
            if not shown and not skip_geometry:
                window.show()
                damage = True
            self.repaint_root_overlay()
        else:
            damage = True
        if damage:
            self.schedule_configure_damage(wid)

    def schedule_configure_damage(self, wid: int, delay=CONFIGURE_DAMAGE_RATE) -> None:
        # rate-limit the damage events
        timer = self.configure_damage_timers.get(wid)
        if timer:
            return  # we already have one pending

        def damage():
            self.configure_damage_timers.pop(wid, None)
            window = self._lookup_window(wid)
            if window and window.is_managed():
                self.refresh_window(window)

        self.configure_damage_timers[wid] = GLib.timeout_add(delay, damage)

    def cancel_configure_damage(self, wid: int) -> None:
        timer = self.configure_damage_timers.pop(wid, None)
        if timer:
            GLib.source_remove(timer)

    def cancel_all_configure_damage(self) -> None:
        timers = tuple(self.configure_damage_timers.values())
        self.configure_damage_timers = {}
        for timer in timers:
            GLib.source_remove(timer)

    def _set_client_properties(self, proto, wid: int, window, new_client_properties: dict) -> None:
        """
        Override so we can update the workspace on the window directly,
        instead of storing it as a client property
        """
        workspace = typedict(new_client_properties).intget("workspace", -1)

        def wn(w):
            return WORKSPACE_NAMES.get(w, w)

        workspacelog("workspace from client properties %s: %s", new_client_properties, wn(workspace))
        if workspace >= 0:
            window.move_to_workspace(workspace)
            # we have handled it on the window directly, so remove it from client properties
            new_client_properties.pop("workspace", None)
        # handle the rest as normal:
        super()._set_client_properties(proto, wid, window, new_client_properties)

    def _move_pointer(self, device_id: int, wid: int, pos, props=None) -> None:
        """ override so we can raise the window under the cursor
            (gtk raise does not change window stacking, just focus) """
        if wid > 0 and (self.last_raised != wid or ALWAYS_RAISE_WINDOW):
            window = self._lookup_window(wid)
            if not window:
                mouselog("_move_pointer(%s, %s) invalid window id", wid, pos)
            else:
                self.last_raised = wid
                mouselog("raising %s", window)
                with xswallow:
                    window.raise_window()
        super()._move_pointer(device_id, wid, pos, props)

    def _process_close_window(self, proto, packet: PacketType) -> None:
        if proto not in self._server_sources:
            return
        wid = packet[1]
        window = self._lookup_window(wid)
        windowlog("client closed window %s - %s", wid, window)
        if window:
            window.request_close()
        else:
            windowlog("cannot close window %s: it is already gone!", wid)
        self.repaint_root_overlay()

    def _process_window_signal(self, proto, packet: PacketType) -> None:
        if proto not in self._server_sources:
            return
        wid = packet[1]
        sig = str(packet[2])
        if sig not in WINDOW_SIGNALS:
            log.warn(f"Warning: window signal {sig!r} not handled")
            return
        w = self._lookup_window(wid)
        if not w:
            log.warn(f"Warning: window {wid} not found")
            return
        pid = w.get_property("pid")
        log("window-signal %s for wid=%i, pid=%s", sig, wid, pid)
        if not pid:
            log.warn(f"Warning: no pid found for window {wid}, cannot send {sig}")
            return
        try:
            sigval = getattr(signal, sig)  # ie: signal.SIGINT
            os.kill(pid, sigval)
            log.info(f"sent signal {sig!r} to pid {pid} for window {wid}")
        except Exception as e:
            log("_process_window_signal(%s, %s)", proto, packet, exc_info=True)
            log.error(f"Error: failed to send signal {sig!r} to pid {pid} for window {wid}")
            log.estr(e)

    def refresh_window_area(self, window, x: int, y: int, width: int, height: int, options=None) -> None:
        super().refresh_window_area(window, x, y, width, height, options)
        if self.root_overlay:
            image = window.get_image(x, y, width, height)
            if image:
                self.update_root_overlay(window, x, y, image)

    # #########################################################################
    # paint the root overlay
    # so the server-side root window gets updated if this feature is enabled
    #

    def update_root_overlay(self, window, x: int, y: int, image) -> None:
        display = Gdk.Display.get_default()
        overlaywin = GdkX11.X11Window.foreign_new_for_display(display, self.root_overlay)
        wx, wy = window.get_property("geometry")[:2]
        # FIXME: we should paint the root overlay directly
        # either using XCopyArea or XShmPutImage,
        # using GTK and having to unpremultiply then convert to RGB is just too slooooow
        width = image.get_width()
        height = image.get_height()
        rowstride = image.get_rowstride()
        img_data = image.get_pixels()
        rgb_format = image.get_pixel_format()
        from xpra.codecs.argb.argb import (
            unpremultiply_argb, bgra_to_rgba, bgra_to_rgbx, r210_to_rgbx, bgr565_to_rgbx
        )
        from cairo import OPERATOR_OVER, OPERATOR_SOURCE  # pylint: disable=no-name-in-module
        log("update_root_overlay%s rgb_format=%s, img_data=%i (%s)",
            (window, x, y, image), rgb_format, len(img_data), type(img_data))
        operator = OPERATOR_SOURCE
        if rgb_format == "BGRA":
            img_data = unpremultiply_argb(img_data)
            img_data = bgra_to_rgba(img_data)
            operator = OPERATOR_OVER
        elif rgb_format == "BGRX":
            img_data = bgra_to_rgbx(img_data)
        elif rgb_format == "r210":
            # lossy...
            img_data = r210_to_rgbx(img_data, width, height, rowstride, width * 4)
            rowstride = width * 4
        elif rgb_format == "BGR565":
            img_data = bgr565_to_rgbx(img_data)
            rowstride *= 2
        else:
            raise ValueError(f"xync-xvfb root overlay paint code does not handle {rgb_format} pixel format")
        img_data = memoryview_to_bytes(img_data)
        log("update_root_overlay%s painting rectangle %s", (window, x, y, image), (wx + x, wy + y, width, height))
        pixbuf = get_pixbuf_from_data(img_data, True, width, height, rowstride)
        cr = overlaywin.cairo_create()
        cr.new_path()
        cr.rectangle(wx + x, wy + y, width, height)
        cr.clip()
        Gdk.cairo_set_source_pixbuf(cr, pixbuf, wx + x, wy + y)
        cr.set_operator(operator)
        cr.paint()
        with xlog:
            image.free()

    def repaint_root_overlay(self) -> None:
        if not self.root_overlay:
            return
        log("repaint_root_overlay() root_overlay=%s, due=%s, sync-xvfb=%ims",
            self.root_overlay, self.repaint_root_overlay_timer, self.sync_xvfb)
        if self.repaint_root_overlay_timer:
            return
        self.repaint_root_overlay_timer = GLib.timeout_add(self.sync_xvfb, self.do_repaint_root_overlay)

    def cancel_repaint_root_overlay(self) -> None:
        rrot = self.repaint_root_overlay_timer
        if rrot:
            self.repaint_root_overlay_timer = 0
            GLib.source_remove(rrot)

    def do_repaint_root_overlay(self) -> bool:
        self.repaint_root_overlay_timer = 0
        root_width, root_height = self.get_root_window_size()
        display = Gdk.Display.get_default()
        overlaywin = GdkX11.X11Window.foreign_new_for_display(display, self.root_overlay)
        log("overlaywin: %s", overlaywin.get_geometry())
        cr = overlaywin.cairo_create()

        def fill_grey_rect(shade, x, y, w, h):
            log("paint_grey_rect%s", (shade, x, y, w, h))
            cr.new_path()
            cr.set_source_rgb(*shade)
            cr.rectangle(x, y, w, h)
            cr.fill()

        def paint_grey_rect(shade, x, y, w, h):
            log("paint_grey_rect%s", (shade, x, y, w, h))
            cr.new_path()
            cr.set_line_width(2)
            cr.set_source_rgb(*shade)
            cr.rectangle(x, y, w, h)
            cr.stroke()

        # clear to black
        fill_grey_rect((0, 0, 0), 0, 0, root_width, root_height)
        sources = [source for source in self._server_sources.values() if source.ui_client]
        ss = None
        if len(sources) == 1:
            ss = sources[0]
            if ss.screen_sizes and len(ss.screen_sizes) == 1:
                screen1 = ss.screen_sizes[0]
                if len(screen1) >= 10:
                    display_name, width, height, width_mm, height_mm, \
                        monitors, work_x, work_y, work_width, work_height = screen1[:10]
                    assert display_name or width_mm or height_mm or True  # just silences pydev warnings
                    # paint dark grey background for display dimensions:
                    fill_grey_rect((0.2, 0.2, 0.2), 0, 0, width, height)
                    paint_grey_rect((0.2, 0.2, 0.4), 0, 0, width, height)
                    # paint lighter grey background for workspace dimensions:
                    paint_grey_rect((0.5, 0.5, 0.5), work_x, work_y, work_width, work_height)
                    # paint each monitor with even lighter shades of grey:
                    for m in monitors:
                        if len(m) < 7:
                            continue
                        plug_name, plug_x, plug_y, plug_width, plug_height, plug_width_mm, plug_height_mm = m[:7]
                        assert plug_name or plug_width_mm or plug_height_mm or True  # just silences pydev warnings
                        paint_grey_rect((0.7, 0.7, 0.7), plug_x, plug_y, plug_width, plug_height)
                        if len(m) >= 10:
                            dwork_x, dwork_y, dwork_width, dwork_height = m[7:11]
                            paint_grey_rect((1, 1, 1), dwork_x, dwork_y, dwork_width, dwork_height)
        # now paint all the windows on top:
        order = {}
        focus_history = tuple(self._focus_history)
        for wid, window in self._id_to_window.items():
            prio = int(self._has_focus == wid) * 32768 + int(self._has_grab == wid) * 65536
            if prio == 0:
                try:
                    prio = rindex(focus_history, wid)
                except ValueError:
                    pass  # not in focus history!
            order[(prio, wid)] = window
        log("do_repaint_root_overlay() has_focus=%s, has_grab=%s, windows in order=%s",
            self._has_focus, self._has_grab, order)
        for k in sorted(order):
            window = order[k]
            x, y, w, h = window.get_property("geometry")[:4]
            image = window.get_image(0, 0, w, h)
            if image:
                self.update_root_overlay(window, 0, 0, image)
                frame = window.get_property("frame")
                if frame and tuple(frame) != (0, 0, 0, 0):
                    left, right, top, bottom = frame
                    # always add a little something, so we can see the edge:
                    left = max(1, left)
                    right = max(1, right)
                    top = max(1, top)
                    bottom = max(1, bottom)
                    rectangles = (
                        (x - left, y, left, h, True),  # left side
                        (x - left, y - top, w + left + right, top, True),  # top
                        (x + w, y, right, h, True),  # right
                        (x - left, y + h, w + left + right, bottom, True),  # bottom
                    )
                else:
                    rectangles = (
                        (x, y, w, h, False),
                    )
                log("rectangles for window frame=%s and geometry=%s : %s", frame, (x, y, w, h), rectangles)
                for x, y, w, h, fill in rectangles:
                    cr.new_path()
                    cr.set_source_rgb(0.1, 0.1, 0.1)
                    cr.set_line_width(1)
                    cr.rectangle(x, y, w, h)
                    if fill:
                        cr.fill()
                    else:
                        cr.stroke()
        # FIXME: use server mouse position, and use current cursor shape
        if ss:
            mlp = getattr(ss, "mouse_last_position", (0, 0))
            if mlp != (0, 0):
                x, y = mlp
                cr.set_source_rgb(1.0, 0.5, 0.7)
                cr.new_path()
                cr.arc(x, y, 10.0, 0, 2.0 * math.pi)
                cr.stroke_preserve()
                cr.set_source_rgb(0.3, 0.4, 0.6)
                cr.fill()
        return False

    def do_make_screenshot_packet(self):
        log("grabbing screenshot")
        regions = []
        OR_regions = []
        for wid in reversed(sorted(self._id_to_window.keys())):
            window = self._id_to_window.get(wid)
            log("screenshot: window(%s)=%s", wid, window)
            if window is None:
                continue
            if not window.is_managed():
                log("screenshot: window %s is not/no longer managed", wid)
                continue
            x, y, w, h = window.get_property("geometry")[:4]
            log("screenshot: geometry(%s)=%s", window, (x, y, w, h))
            try:
                with xsync:
                    img = window.get_image(0, 0, w, h)
            except XError:
                log("%s.get_image%s", window, (0, 0, w, h), exc_info=True)
                log.warn("screenshot: window %s could not be captured", wid)
                continue
            if img is None:
                log.warn("screenshot: no pixels for window %s", wid)
                continue
            log("screenshot: image=%s, size=%s", img, img.get_size())
            if img.get_pixel_format() not in ("RGB", "RGBA", "XRGB", "BGRX", "ARGB", "BGRA"):
                log.warn("window pixels for window %s using an unexpected rgb format: %s", wid, img.get_pixel_format())
                continue
            item = (wid, x, y, img)
            if window.is_OR() or window.is_tray():
                OR_regions.append(item)
            elif self._has_focus == wid:
                # window with focus first (drawn last)
                regions.insert(0, item)
            else:
                regions.append(item)
        log("screenshot: found regions=%s, OR_regions=%s", len(regions), len(OR_regions))
        return self.make_screenshot_packet_from_regions(OR_regions + regions)

    def make_dbus_server(self):
        from xpra.x11.dbus.x11_dbus_server import X11_DBUS_Server
        return X11_DBUS_Server(self, os.environ.get("DISPLAY", "").lstrip(":"))


GObject.type_register(SeamlessServer)
